2014—2017年武汉市农药中毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Wuhan City(2014-2017)

目的了解武汉市农药中毒流行情况,为预防和干预农药中毒提出科学依据。方法收集2014—2017年武汉市农药中毒数据,采用Prism 6软件进行统计分析。结果 2014—2017年武汉市共有农药中毒1 085例,包括103例生产性农药中毒,为农药中毒总例数的9.49%;982例非生产性农药中毒,为农药中毒总例数的90.51%,死亡56例,死亡率为5.70%;生产性农药中毒以男性为主,占66.02%,非生产性农药中毒以女性为主,占55.91%,性别分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);生产性农药中毒在40~59岁年龄段最多,占60.19%;非生产性农药中毒各年龄段都有发生,其中70~99岁年龄组发生最多,占19.35%,年龄分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);生产性农药中毒和非生产性农药中毒均以江夏区最多,均以杀虫剂为主。结论武汉市中年男性为生产性农药中毒主力,同时女性和老年人群的非生产性农药中毒也不容忽视。杀虫剂是主要中毒农药种类。

Objective To describe the epidemic characteristics of pesticide poisoning,and provide scientific evidence for prevention and intervention in Wuhan. Methods The data of pesticide poisoning in Wuhan from 2014 to 2017 were collected and analyzed by Prism6 software. Results There were 1 085 pesticide poisoning cases from 2014 to 2017 in Wuhan,among them,103 were occupational pesticide poisoning（ 9. 49%）,982 the others were non-occupational pesticide poisoning（ 90. 51%）,and 56 of the total cases died,the mortality rate was 5. 70%. Among the occupational poisoning cases,mainly was male（ 66. 02%）,while among the non-occupational poisoning cases,mainly was female（ 55. 91%）,the gender distribution showed statistical significance（ P 0. 001）. Most occupational pesticide poisoning cases were in the 40-59 age group（ 60. 19%）; while non-occupational pesticide poisoning cases occurred in all age groups,among which,most were in the 70-99 age group（ 19. 35%）. The age distribution showed statistical significance（ P 0. 001）. Both occupational and non-occupational pesticide poisoning cases were mainly found in one remote urban district,and insecticides was the main type of poisoning. Conclusion Occupational poisoning occurred mainly in middle-aged male in Wuhan. More attention should be paid to non-occupational poisoning among the female and elderly population. The insecticide may be the main categories of pesticide poisoning.