晋城地区市售婴幼儿谷类辅助食品微生物污染状况评价

Evaluation of microbial contamination of market selling cereal-based complementary foods for infants and children in Jincheng District

目的评价山西省晋城地区市售婴幼儿谷类辅助食品微生物污染状况,为监管部门制定措施提供参考。方法依据有关国家标准和风险监测手册对晋城地区2013—2016年市售婴幼儿谷类辅助食品进行菌落总数﹑大肠菌群﹑阪崎肠杆菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌的检测。结果 112份婴幼儿谷类辅助食品中,菌落总数超标率16.96%,大肠菌群超标率8.03%,致病菌检出率为:阪崎肠杆菌16.07%,蜡样芽孢杆菌21.43%。婴幼儿生制类谷物辅助食品菌落总数超标率53.33%高于婴幼儿谷物辅助食品11.11%和婴幼儿饼干12.50%(χ2=12.785,P=0.001),阪崎肠杆菌检出率46.67%高于婴幼儿谷物辅助食品13.58%和婴幼儿饼干0.00%(χ2=11.571,P=0.002)。网购环节菌落总数超标率43.75%高于其他流通环节(χ2=16.299,P<0.001)。采自超市样品的蜡样芽孢杆菌检出率44.44%高于其他流通环节,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.055,P=0.006)。以麦粉为原料的谷物辅助食品菌落总数超标率33.33%高于以大米5.45%和小米14.29%为原料类型(χ2=7.012,P=0.016)。结论晋城地区市售婴幼儿谷类辅助食品存在一定的食品安全隐患。

Objective To evaluate the microbial contamination of cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children and provide reference for regulators in Jincheng area. Methods Food samples were collected for the detection of Aerobic plate count,Coliforms,Enterobacter sakazakii and Bacillus cereus in Jincheng area during the 2013-2016 period. Results Among the112 samples,Aerobic plate count exceeded the standard rate was 16. 96%,the exceeded rate of Coliforms was 8. 03%. The infection rate of Enter obacter sakazakii in foods was 16. 07% as well as 21. 43% of Bacillus cereus. Aerobic plate count in infant uncooked cereal-base supplementary foods exceeded the standard rate of 53. 33% higher than the exceeded rate of 11. 11% in infant cereal supplement foods and the rate of 12. 50% in infant biscuits（ χ2= 12. 785,P = 0. 001）. The infection rate of Enter obacter sakazakii in infant uncooked cereal-base supplementary foods was 46. 67% higher than that in infant cereal supplement foods was 13. 58% and that in infant biscuits was 0. 00%（ χ2= 11. 571,P = 0. 002）. Aerobic plate count of Samples from the online purchase exceeded the standard rate of 43. 75% higher than other circulation（ χ2= 16. 299,P 0. 001）. The detection rate of Bacillus cereus collected from supermarkets was 44. 44% higher than other circulation links（ χ2= 12. 055,P = 0. 006）. In the samples with wheat flour as the raw material,Aerobic plate count exceeded was 33. 33% higher than which with rice was 5. 45% and with millet was 14. 29%（ χ2=7. 012,P = 0. 016）. Conclusion There is a certain food safety hazard of cereal-based complementary foods for infants and young children in Jincheng area.