废除审判委员会刑事裁判权的必要性

On the Necessity of Abolishing the Criminal Jurisdiction of the Judicial Committee

审判委员会制度有其存在的特定历史背景,也发挥了一定作用,但这不足以消解其违背诉讼原理的特质,从立法沿革分析了审判委员会实体裁判权的历史嬗变,并从理论角度探讨该制度的弊端。审判委员会的实体裁判权在一定程度上虚置了被告人的刑事回避权,检察长列席审判委员会会议有违控辩双方平等对抗原则,其讨论决定案件的方式违背直接言辞和集中审理的审判原理,成为实现庭审实质化的最大障碍,除了理论上的先天不足,通过数据考察,审判委员会的实体裁判权存在异化运行。在以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革之下,必须废除审判委员会的裁判权,方能实现审理者裁判,裁判者负责的改革目标。

The judicial committee system has its specific historical background and played a certain role, but it is not enough to eliminate its characteristics that violate the principle of litigation. The author analyzes the historical evolution of the jurisdiction of the judicial committee from the legislative evolution, and discusses the drawbacks of the system from a theoretical point of view. The substantive jurisdiction of the judicial committee has placed the defendant＇ s criminal evasion right to a certain extent. The chief prosecutor to attend the meet- ing of the judicial committee violates the principle of equal confrontation between the two parties. It is the greatest obstacle to realize the essence of court trial by discussing the way that the case is decided against the principle of direct speech and centralized trial. In addition to the theoretical deficiency, through the investiga- tion of data, the judicial authority of the judicial committee has a dissimilated operation. Under the reform of trial centered litigation system, we should abolish the jurisdiction of the trial committee, so that we can achieve the goal of ＂inquisitors judging, the referee being responsible＂.