防护装置对海上风力机-船舶碰撞动力响应影响的研究

Study of the Influence of the Safety and Protection Device on the Dynamic Response of an Offshore Wind Turbine to a Collision with a Ship

建立国内某单桩柱的3 MW风力机与船舶碰撞模型,概念性地提出一种橡胶-钢结构防护装置,运用非线性动力分析方法,通过LS-DYNA模拟2000 t船舶以不同速度撞击风力机塔架,研究防护装置对碰撞过程中塔架的动力响应特性影响并与无防护装置的塔架进行对比。结果表明：安装防护装置后对塔顶风力机的响应抑制效果明显;塔顶正负向最大位移、速度和加速度较无防护装置时分别减少了33%、50%和23.6%;塔架下端结构变形能大幅减少,塔架撞深小于无防护装置的1/10;防护装置能避免碰撞力集中施加于塔架上,使作用在塔架上的最大应力小于塔架材料的屈服强度。

A model for collision of a 3 MW wind turbine based on a domestically-made mono-pile with a ship was established and a rubber-steel structure safety and protection device was conceptually proposed. A non-linear dynamic analytic method was employed to investigate the influence of the safety and protec- tion device on the dynamic response characteristics of the derrick during the collision process through u- sing the software LS-DYNA to simulate the collision of a 2 000 t ship with the derrick of the wind turbine at various speeds and compare with the circumstances of the derrick without any safety and protection de- vice. It has been found that to install the safety and protection device will have a conspicuous restraining effect on the response of the wind turbine at the top of the derrick. Compared with the circumstances with- out any safety and protection device, the maximum positive and negative displacements, speed and accel- eration at the top of the derrick will decrease by 33% ,50v/e and 23.6% respectively. The deformation of the structure at the lower end of the derrick will decrease by a big margin and the depth of the derrick collided will be smaller than 1/10 of that without any safety and protection device. The foregoing indicates that the safety and protection device can avoid the collision force to be concentrated on the derrick, thus making the maximum stress less than the yield strength of the material.