80份美国解禁玉米自交系与先玉335亲本配合力试验分析

Analysis of Combining Ability on 80 Declassified American Maize Inbred Lines with Xianyu335 Parents in the North of Huang-Huai-Hai Region

利用NCII遗传交配设计,以国内目前大面积推广的杂交种先玉335双亲为测验种,对80个美国解禁自交系进行2年配合力试验。结果表明,解禁美国自交系遗传基础丰富,不同杂交组合F1代产量平均相对离差21.96%,收获时与对照均值比较,子粒含水量较少,穗轴较细,穗位高较低。筛选出一般配合力高、综合性状较好的美自交系NS701、PHW03、PHN29、PHP55等。黄淮海试验推荐的对照品种先玉335、郑单958、迪卡517、农华101、宇玉30这5个杂交种以及先玉335和郑单958双亲组配的4个杂交组合中,迪卡517、宇玉30等新品种表现出早熟、抗逆、易机收等特点,郑58×PH6WC、郑58×PH4CV产量性状和抗倒伏较好。

In order to analyze the potential of heterosis and genetic relationship between the declassified Ameri-can inbred lines and the main germplasms in China, NCII genetic mating design was used in the study, Xy335 ex-tending in large scale presently was used as a test species. Combining ability test was taken on 80 declassified Amer-ican inbred lines for 2 years. The results showed that the genetic basis of American inbred lines was abundant, therelative average deviation of F1 hybrids was 21.96%, Comparing with the means of the controls at harvest, the grainmoisture content was less, Ear axis diameter was thin, the ear height was lower, Screened out the inbred lines withhigh GCA and good comprehensive characters which were NS701, PHW03, PHN29 PHP55 etc. The check varietiesrecommended in Huang-huai-hai test included Xy335, Zd958, Dk517, Nh101, Yuyu30 and the 4 cross combina-tion of the parents of Xy335 and Zd958; Dk517 and Yuyu30 new varieties showed early maturity, resistance, easy tomachine features. Zheng 58 x PH6 WC and Zheng 58 x PH4 CV were highlighted in the yield characters and lodgingresistance.