不同类型玉米品种间子粒脱水速率相关分析

Compare Study on Grain Dehydration Rate of Different Maize Hybrids

利用10个黄淮海区域有代表性的玉米品种,进行子粒脱水速率相关性状研究。结果表明,子粒水分含量与散粉天数、生理成熟天数、穗轴水分、苞叶水分、百粒重及小区产量具有显著的正相关,与子粒脱水速率呈显著负相关。不同品种所有子粒脱水性状间均存在显著差异。通径分析结果表明,仅苞叶水分这一性状对子粒含水量具有显著的正向直接效应。依据子粒生理成熟期时的水分含量把其划分为3种不同脱水类型,品种不同类型、同一类型不同品种间均具有完全不同的脱水方式。根据研究结果提出,实现机收子粒应该重点考虑3个重要因素,即生理成熟期、生理成熟后子粒脱水速率和种植密度。

Grain dehydration rate and other related traits of ten maize varieties were investigated. The resultsshowed that grain moisture content had a significant positive correlation with days of anthesis, days of physiologicalmaturity, cob moisture content, bract moisture content, 100-grain weight and grain yield, and had a significant nega-tive correlation with grain dehydration rate. There were significant differences among grain dehydration traits withindifferent varieties. Path analysis indicated that only bract moisture content had a positive direct effect on grain mois-ture content and the value reached a significant level. Three dehydration types were classified of the ten varieties ac-cording to grain moisture at physiological maturity stage. Different types and different varieties from the same typeboth showed different dehydration way. There were three important factors for grain mechanical harvest, physiologi-cal maturity, grain dehydration rate after maturity and plant density.