叙事的双重动力:不同互动关系以及被忽略的原因

Dual Narrative Dynamics: Different Kinds of Interaction and Reasons for their Eluding Attention

从古到今,中外批评界仅仅关注叙事作品的情节发展,而在不少作品中,实际上存在双重叙事进程:在情节发展背后,还存在贯穿文本始终的"隐性进程"。这一明一暗、并列前行的两种叙事运动互为对照、互为排斥、互为补充,在矛盾张力、交互作用中表达出经典作品丰富深刻的主题意义,塑造出复杂多面的人物形象,生产出卓越的艺术价值。在挖掘出单个作品双重叙事进程的基础上,还需要以整体的视野,在宏观层次回答以下重要问题:情节发展与隐性进程之间存在哪些不同种类的互动关系?它们会以哪些不同方式影响读者阐释,改变作者、叙述者和读者之间的互动?发掘双重叙事动力对理解经典作品的内涵有何意义?究竟有哪些原因造成经典作品的双重叙事运动长期以来被忽略?

From ancient times up to the present day, critical attention has focused on the plot development in fictional narratives. But in many texts, there exist double narrative movements： a ＂ covert progression＂ paralleling the overt plot development. The two narrative movements contrast, subvert or complement each other in conveying rich thematic significance, depicting complex character images, and generating exquisite aesthetic values of the work. This essay aims at answering the following questions： What are the different kinds of relation between the covert progression and the plot development？ In what ways do they bear on the interaction among the author, the narrator and the readers, affecting the readers＇ interpretation？ Why is uncovering the dual dynamics significant to understanding the thematic import of classical works？ What are the reasons underlying the long-term neglect of the double narrative movements？