云南丽江老君山表土花粉与植被关系的研究

A STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE POLLEN IN THE SURFACE SEDIMENTS AND THE VEGETATION FROM THE LAOJUN MOUNTAIN OF LIJIANG,YUNNAN PROVINCE,SOUTHWEST CHINA

通过云南丽江老君山18个样点山地林下表土花粉组合特征及其与植物群落之间关系的分析,结果发现:(1)花粉组合中木本植物花粉占83.3%,木本植物与草本植物花粉比值(AP/NAP)约为5,以常绿栎类、桦属(Betula)和冷杉属(Abies)为主;(2)针叶常绿落叶阔叶混交林和常绿落叶阔叶混交林的花粉组合与植物群落有较好的对应关系,针叶落叶阔叶混交林花粉组合基本能够反映母体植被特征,针叶林花粉组合未能反映植物群落的数量特征;(3)主要花粉类型中冷杉属、柳属(Salix)和杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)花粉具低代表性;常绿栎类、松属(Pinus)和桦属花粉具超代表性,其花粉产量和散布范围为松属>常绿栎类>桦属;(4)通过花粉相对含量,DCA分析能较好地区分不同植物群落。该研究成果可为西南地区古植被和古环境重建提供基础数据资料。

In this paper 18 samples of the surface sediments from different plant communities of the Laojun Mountain in Lijiang,Yunnan Province,southwest China are analyzed to understand the relationship between pollen assemblages and their vegetation.The Arboreal Pollen is 83.3% and AP/NAP（AP：Arboreal Pollen,NAP：Noarboreal Pollen）ratio is about 5.Evergreen Quercus,Betulaand Abies are the main pollen taxa in quantities.Pollen assemblage of coniferous-deciduous-evergreen broadleaf mixed forest and deciduous-evergreen broadleaf mixed forest corresponds well with their communities.Coniferous-deciduous broadleaved pollen assemblages may represent the composition of plant communities moderately,and coniferous pollen assemblages are not well associated with their numerical characteristics of vegetational community.Abies,Salixand Ericaceae are under-represented,whereas Evergreen Quercus,Betulaand Pinus are over-represented pollen taxa.The pollen yields and its ability of transport of Pinus are the most biggest and strongest,and that of Evergreen Quercus are more bigger and stronger than Betula.In addition,based on DCA（Detrended Correspondence Analysis）,the different plant communities can be effectively distinguished by pollen spectra.This study provides basic data on reconstructing the palaeovegetation and palaeoenvironment in Southwest China.