侗台语言汉借词层次分析法再探讨——以广西德保壮语为例

Reconsider on the Analytic Hierarchy Process of Chinese Loanwords in Tai(台) Language:Taking the Guangxi(广西) Debao(德保) Language as an Example

学界对于侗台语言里汉借词分层的方法做了一系列探索,但某些细节需要继续探讨补充。文章以德保壮语的汉借词层次为例,讨论了针对上古借词层、中古借词层、现当代借词层的不同分析方法的特点。除上古借词外,其他层次的汉借词都有系统的声调对应形式,声韵母虽然受到自身音系的限制,但类别较为清晰。另外根据"调类比较法"可以发现德保壮语的现当代汉借词层次与其他壮语调类对应整齐,可推断其借自共同的壮语区,而非汉语区。通过调类比较可以发现调值相同的借词可能具有多个来源。"调类比较法"是判断借词借入地的重要方法,在研究现当代层次的借词时理应得到重视与应用。

Scholars made a series of exploration methods for Dong Tai language loanwords RIHAN layered, but some details need to continue on. In this paper, the level of Chinese loanwords Debao（德保） Zhuang（壮） were discussed according to the characteristics of upper layer, middle layer, Loanwords in contemporary loanwords from the different analysis methods of loanwords. In addition to the ancient loan words, other levels of Chinese loanwords have systematic tone corresponding forms, although the voice and finals are restricted by their own phonological system, but the categories are clearer. According to the ＂tone comparison method＂ can be found in the level of contemporary Chinese Loanwords and Zhuang（壮） Zhuang Debao（德保） tone corresponding neatly, it can be concluded that the borrowed from the common Zhuang（壮） area, rather than the Chinese region. Through the comparison can be found in the same tone tone words may have multiple sources. ＂Tone comparison method＂ is an important method of borrowing the words in the contemporary study of the hierarchy deserve attention and application.