电动汽车坡道起步电机转速控制研究

A Study on Motor Speed Control for Ramp Start Up of Electric Vehicle

为实现纯电动汽车的平稳起步,并对坡道路况具有良好的鲁棒性。通过对车辆起步过程的动力学分析,建立了电动汽车坡道起步电机转速控制系统的原理模型,明确了车辆起步扭矩补偿是电机达到目标转速的控制重点,并提出了采用增量PI算法的以电机转速偏差为输入、起步扭矩补偿为输出的起步控制器。利用AVL Cruise与MATLAB/Simulink软件联合建模方法,建立整车模型和起步控制器模型,并进行纯电动样车起步性能仿真和道路试验。结果表明:试验结果与仿真结果基本一致,样车能够在不同坡道路面快速平稳起步,并能够以设定的目标车速爬行,同时满足各评价指标的要求。

In order to ensure that pure electric vehicle can smooth start, and has strong robustness to ramps, a principle model of the motor speed control system for ramp starting up of electric vehicle was built, on the basis of dy- namics analysis of the vehicle start process. And the torque compensation was determined to be the key point of the speed control. Then, an incremental PI algorithm was adopted to develop a start controller, which utilized the motor speed error as the input, and the torque compensation as the output. The simulation models for vehicle and start con- trol strategy were set up with AVL cruise and Matlab/Simulink by using hybrid modeling method, and both perform- ance simulation and road test on a real sample EV were conducted. The results show that on both level road and up- hill road, the control strategy can not only start smoothly and quickly, but also creep at the given target velocity, wihch can meet the requirements of the evaluation indexes.