轮虫、卤虫无节幼体及蝇蛆三种开口饵料对黄颡鱼仔鱼生长、存活及免疫酶活性的影响

Effects of Rotifer, Artemia Nnauplius and Maggot as Initial Food on Growth, Survival and Activity of Enzymes Related to Immune in Larvae of Yellow Catfish Peltobagrus fulvidraco

在水温(25±0.5)℃下,将10 000尾4日龄的体长(0.25±0.004)cm的全雄黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco仔鱼放入长2m×宽1.4m×水深30cm的孵化槽中,投喂轮虫、卤虫无节幼体和蝇蛆三种开口饵料,研究不同开口饵料对黄颡鱼仔鱼生长、存活率以及免疫相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,饲养3d时,投喂卤虫无节幼体组仔鱼的体质量显著大于轮虫组(P<0.05),而投喂蝇蛆组仔鱼的体质量介于二者之间,且与两组无显著差异(P>0.05);7d后,投喂蝇蛆组仔鱼体质量最大,显著大于后两组(P<0.05),卤虫无节幼体组次之,轮虫组最小;投喂蝇蛆组仔鱼的存活率最高,投喂蝇蛆组仔鱼酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和溶菌酶(LZM)活力显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),而其他两组仔鱼这三种酶活力没有显著影响。认为与轮虫、卤虫无节幼体相比,蝇蛆是一种更适宜黄颡鱼仔鱼培育的开口饵料。

Ten thousands of larval yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco） with body length of （0.25 ± 0.004） cm were reared in a 2 m × 1.4 m × 30 cm trough and fed rotifer, artemia nauplus and maggot for 7 days when activities of enzymes related to immunes were analyzed to evaluate the effects initial food on growth, and survival of yellow catfish larvae. In 3 day rearing, there was significantly higher body weigh in the fish fed artemia nauplius than that in the fish fed rotifer （P 〈 0.05 ）, followed by the fish fed maggot and rotifer, without significant differences between them （P 〉 0.05 ）. In 7 day rearing, the fish fed maggot had the best body weight, significantly higher than the fish fed artemia nauplius and rotifer （P 〈 0.05 ）, followed by the fish fed artemia nauplius, and the least growth in the fish fed rotifer. The maximal survival was observed in the fishfed maggo. Also, there were significantly higher activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and lysozyme in the fish fed maggot than those in the fish fed the other initial food （P 〈 0.05 ）, without significant differences among other groups （P 〉 0.05 ）, indicating that feeding maggot ingestion led to improve larvae immunity level. In conclusion, maggot is a good weaning diet during yellow catfish larvae rearing compared with rotifer and anemia nauplius.