他人成败信息对自我控制的影响

The Impact of Other People's Success or Failure on Self-control

通过实验来研究在有无压力情境中,他人成败信息(认知任务)对自我控制的影响。实验采用Stroop任务,自变量1为有无压力,自变量2为成败信息,因变量为Stroop任务前测与后测操作成绩。结果显示:无压力下,观看他人成功信息有利于提高自控能力,观看失败信息不利于提高自控能力。而有压力下结果却相反。说明:在比赛的高压力情境中,关注他人的失败表现可以提高自控能力,更有利于自己的后续表现。

A formal experiment is conducted to study the effect of other people＇s success and failure （ cognitive tasks） on athletes＇self-control in stressful situations. The experiment adoptsStroop task with pressure as independent variable I, success and failure as independent variable II and operational results before and after the Stroop task as dependent variable. The results showed that, when athletes are under no pressure, watching other people＇s successimproves self-controland viewing failure is not good for improving self-control. When athletes are under pressure, the results turn out just the opposite. This suggests that focu- sing on other people＇s failure in high-stress situation can improve self-control and improve performance.