基于形态和DNA序列分析的海龙类药材商品的基原调查

Survey on Origin of Medicinal Commodities of Syngnathus Based on Morphology and DNA Sequencing Identification

目的:为市售海龙药材的鉴别以及建立质量控制标准提供科学依据。方法:对我国主要药材市场的海龙类商品进行收集,并通过形态鉴别和DNA分子鉴别确定海龙商品基原。结果:共有刁海龙Solenognathus hardwickii(Gray,1830)、拟海龙Syngnathoides biaculeatus(Bloch,1785)、舒氏海龙Syngnathus schlegeli Kaup,1856、宝珈枪吻海龙Doryichthys boaja(Bleeker,1850)、黑斑刁海龙Solegnathus lettiensis Bleeker,1860、斗氏刁海龙Solegnathus dunckeri Whitley,1927、多棘刁海龙Solegnathus spinosissimus Günther,1870、粗吻海龙Trachyrhamphus serratus(Temminck et Schlegel,1847)、光粗吻海龙Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus(Bleeker,1857)、长吻粗吻海龙Trachyrhamphus longirostris Kaup,1856、葛氏海蠋鱼Halicampus grayi Kaup,1856等11种基原,其中黑斑刁海龙、斗氏刁海龙、光粗吻海龙、长吻粗吻海龙为首次在中药市场中发现。结论:本文所进行的DNA序列分析结合形态鉴别方法也对其他中药材的市场调查和商品基原鉴别研究提供了模式。

Objective： To provide scientific basis for the identification and establishment of quality control standards of medicinal Syngnathus sold in the markets. Methods： The Syngnathus commodities in herbal markets were collected,and the origin base of Syngnathus commodities was determined through morphological characteristics and DNA molecule identification. Results： There were 11 species of origin including Solenognathus hardwickii（ Gray,1830）,Syngnathoides biaculeatus（ Bloch,1785）,Syngnathus schlegeli（ Kaup,1856）,Doryichthys boaja（ Bleeker,1850）,Solegnathus lettiensis（ Bleeker,1860）,Solegnathus dunckeri（ Whitley,1927）,Solegnathus spinosissimus（ Günther,1870）,Trachyrhamphus serratus（ Temminck et Schlegel,1847）,Trachyrhamphus bicoarctatus（ Bleeker,1857） and Halicampus grayi（ Kaup,1856）. The origin of S. lettiensis,S. dunckeri,T. bicoarctatus and T. longirostris was observed for the first time in commercial herbal markets. Conclusion： The method of DNA sequences analysis combined with morphological characteristics identification also provided a model of other market surveys and commodity origin identification study in Chinese herbal markets.