赛莱菲主义在土耳其的传播与挑战

Salafism in Turkey: The Challenges of Spreading in a Sufi Society

近年来,赛莱菲主义的全球传播引起了学界的广泛关注。而从土耳其社会发展看,受到伊斯兰教逊尼派哈乃斐教法学派和马图里迪教义学派影响,后又经共和制度、西方哲学思想以及世俗主义的洗礼,逐步形成独具特色的苏菲社会组织形式。由此,过去30多年来,赛莱菲主义者虽通过出版书籍、新媒体推介等多种宣传方式及受到其他外部因素影响,在土耳其部分地区得以传播,但基于历史遗痕、教义本身的严苛性以及"圣战赛莱菲"的负面效应,赛莱菲主义在土耳其的崛起还很遥远,在土耳其苏菲社会也很难有所发展。

It is difficult to imagine an influential presence for Salafism in Turkey despite the talk of the ＂spread＂of Salafism there. This must be accompanied by methodological questions that articulate the challenges related to the intellectual environment of the Turkish society. It also relates to the historical context and political competition amongst the Sunni community. One question is ＂How could Salafism have such a powerful presence in a Sufi society,whose empire had adopted the ＇opinion approach＇of Abu Hanifa and Maturidi and whose modern republic had adopted the philosophy of the West and secularism ？＂Both are contrary to the Salafi approach based on tradition and the literal commitment to the texts of the Quran,Hadith and the sayings of ‘al-Salaf a-Saleh ＇. Another question is ＂How can Salafism overcome the historical and psychological barrier in Turkey that formed as a result of Ottoman-Saudi disputes at the beginning of the nineteenth century and whose intellectual effects have continued until a recent time＂？