提示促进时间性前瞻记忆:内、外部控制的作用

Reminders Facilitate the Time-Based Prospective Memory Task: Internalizing Versus Externalizing Control

通过操纵背景任务的认知负荷与提示所在的时段位置,考察提示能否通过影响个体对时间性前瞻记忆的认知控制来促进其任务表现。结果发现提示显著提高了前瞻任务的正确率。内部控制方面,高认知负荷下10分钟处提示显著提高了前瞻干扰量;外部控制方面,高、低认知负荷下6分钟和10分钟处提示均显著增加了时钟查看次数。这表明提示能够通过提高个体的内部和外部控制水平促进前瞻任务的表现,但其影响效果受到认知负荷和提示位置等因素的调节。

The present study adopted a 4 between-subject （no reminder ＆ 2 min reminder ＆ 6 min reminder ＆ 10 min reminder）× 2 within-subject （high cognitive load ＆ low cognitive load） mixed design to investigate the effect of reminders on time-based prospective memory （TBPM） . The results showed： 1） TBPM task performance： reminders improved PM accuracy. 2） internal control： the interaction between reminder and cognitive load was significant, the costs were greater for the 10min reminder condition compared with the no reminder condition under high cognitive demand. 3） external control： A main effect of reminder condition indicated that participants in the 10min reminder condition and the 6 min reminder condition checked the clock more frequently than participants in the no reminder condition. To conclude, reminders can improve the task performance of the TBPM by increasing individuals＇ internal and external control of the TBPM task, but the effect is regulated by factors such as cognitive load and reminder condition.