基于OBE理念,构建通识教育课程教学与评估体系——以清华大学为例

The Construction on Curriculum and Teaching in General Education in Tsinghua Case:An Approach of Outcome Based Education

国内高校积极探索实现通识教育的路径已有多年,但其效果在一定程度上仍然受到质疑。课程是实现通识教育的主要载体,清华大学在探索构建通识教育课程体系过程中,尝试性地采用了工科教育中广泛使用的成效基准教育理念与能力导向课程设计来分析当前我国大学通识教育的课程建设,指出通识教育众课程与通识教育目标之间欠缺逻辑对应的普遍性问题。本文重点介绍了清华大学通识教育课程建设中的困惑和设想,探讨了如何锚定与对应课程与能力目标之间的逻辑关系。本文建议高校在通识教育初建阶段将引入OBE框架以及能力导向课程设计理念可作为一种选择,此举有助于厘清大学通识教育在本科教育中的定位与通识课程之间的逻辑和结构关系。

Chinese universitiesand colleges have been exploring the effective ways to convey general education actively over decades,however the outcome is quite obscure in some extent.To response the problems of＂soft＂and＂irrelevance＂in general courses,Tsinghua is trying to introduce the methods of Outcome Based Education（OBE）which is adopted years earlier in higher engineering education accreditation.This paper primarily focuses on how Tsinghua solve the problems which exist widely in higher institutions domestically and beyond.The authors attemptto offer an alternative approach to reconstruct the curriculum in general education.