能量均衡的无线传感器网络多跳非均匀分簇算法

A multi-hop uneven clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks with energy balance

针对分簇协议中存在的簇头选择不合理会造成能耗过大以及网络整体能耗不均衡的问题,提出了一种能量均衡的多跳非均匀分簇算法(EBMUC)。协议首先选择剩余能量大于邻节点平均剩余能量的节点为候选簇头,候选簇头交换消息计算并比较适应值选出最终簇头;簇结构采用非均匀分布形式,节点入簇时计算代价值函数,在引入的代价值函数加入簇头剩余能量因素,防止簇头成员数目过多致使负载过大;数据的传输采用单跳和多跳结合的方法,簇间距离大于设定值时引入中继节点协助簇头间的数据传输,节约了簇头能量。仿真结果表明,EBMUC协议可有效节约簇头能量,均衡了整个网络的能耗,使网络生存周期得到了延长。

A kind of energy balance multi-hops uneven clustering algorithm（EBMUC） is proposed to solve the problem of large energy consumption caused by unreasonable selected cluster heads and unbalanced energy consumption in the existing clustering protocol. The protocol first selects the nodes with residual energy greater than the average residual energy of adjacent nodes,and the candidate cluster heads exchange message and compare the adaptive values to select the final cluster heads. Cluster structure uses non-uniform form,and when the node joins into the cluster,it calculates the cost function. The residual energy factor of cluster head is added to the cost function to prevent the oversize of the cluster head and the overload of the cluster head. The data transmission method uses single hop and multi hop combination. When the distance between the clusters is greater than the set value,the relay node is introduced to assist the data transmission between the cluster heads,and the cluster head energy is saved. The simulation results show that the EBMUC protocol can save the energy of cluster heads effectively and balance the energy consumption of the whole network,and finally,the network survival cycle is extended.