日本应对气候变化国际环境合作机制评析：非国家行为体的功能

Assessing Japan's Approach to the International Climate Change Regime: The Role of Non-State Actors

《巴黎协定》在国际环境条约层面明确了国际环境合作机制下的全球气候治理"自下而上"模式,并强调了非国家行为体参与的重要性。日本以加入《联合国气候变化框架公约》为契机,通过制定施行《环境基本法》确立了国际环境合作基本理念,将该理念作为应对全球气候变化的方式纳入日本环境法律体系。日本中央环境审议会通过制定实施国际环境合作的政策,构建了日本国际环境合作机制。日本国际环境合作机制是以东亚为重心的三层级模式,参与主体涵盖政府及政府间组织、地方公共团体、跨国公司、非政府组织、学术研究机构,呈现多元化特征。日本非国家行为体参与国际环境合作在东亚地区所取得的成效,能够为推进东亚区域性气候治理合作共赢提供经验借鉴。

As an environmental international convention,the Paris Agreement has established a "bottom-up"approach to global climate governance which emphasizes the important role of non-state actors. Since joining the UFCCC,Japan has built up a set of basic ideas for international environmental cooperation by enacting the Japanese Basic Environmental Law,and has incorporated these ideas into the Japanese legal system as a way to cope with global climate change. The Japanese Central Environment Council has developed Japan's approach to international environmental cooperation by formulating and implementing relevant policies. The Japanese approach which focuses on East Asia is a three-tier model that involves a diverse set of actors including governments,intergovernmental organizations,local public organizations,transnational corporations,NGOs,and academic research institutions. The achievements Japanese non-state actors have made in their participation in international environmental cooperation in East Asia could provide valuable insights that help to promote win-win,regional climate governance in the region.