多尺度综合探测技术在岩溶隧道突水成因判定中的应用

Multi-Scale Comprehensive Detection Technique to Identify Water Burst Causes in Karst Tunnels

隧道穿越岩溶富水区时易发生突水事故,给施工安全带来威胁,如何准确、快速地分析突水成因,是治理突水事故的前提和关键。文章结合渝广高速华蓥山隧道突水实例,基于时空多尺度的概念,提出了"多尺度综合探测"岩溶隧道突水成因的判定方法,以时间尺度上突水前后的水文长观数据为依据,进行空间尺度上从点(掌子面)到面(区域)的综合分析。通过该方法,准确查明了突水成因为掌子面前方3.0~7.6 m处层间裂隙导通+180^+420 m标高范围的中深层水平循环岩溶水,且水源补给条件一般,此结论为后期采取开挖后径向注浆的治理措施提供了依据。

Water inflows occur frequently during tunnel construction in water-rich Karst areas, thereby endangering tunnel construction. Accurate and rapid analysis of water bursts are the premise of and key to water burst treatment. Based on the concept of multiple scales, a multi-scale comprehensive detection technique for identifying the causes of water bursts in karst tunnels is proposed, using the Huayingshan tunnel on the Yuguang expressway as an example. Based on hydrological dynamic observation data before and after water burst in light of the time scale, a comprehensive analysis is conducted from a point （working face） to a plane （area） in light of the spatial scale; it is de- termined that an interlayer fissure at 3.0-7.6 m in front of the working face connects the horizontal cyclic karst wa- ter within the elevation scope of ＋ 180 -＋420 m, which causes water inflow in general water supply conditions. This conclusion provides a basis for the treatment measure of radial grouting after tunnel excavation.