普洱熟茶提取物对实验性非酒精性脂肪肝鼠脂代谢指标及肠道菌群的调节作用

Pu-er tea extract modulating lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease mice

非酒精性脂肪肝（nonalcoholic fatty liver disease，NAFLD）是与肥胖密切相关，并且以肝脏的炎症和脂肪浸润为特征的一种营养代谢性疾病。近年来，由于高营养的饲养方式，导致在宠物临床上出现了越来越多的犬猫患有NAFLD，因此找到一种切实有效的预防及治疗方法是非常必要的。普洱熟茶作为一种微生物发酵茶，具有明显的抗炎、抗氧化以及降脂减肥功效。为了探讨普洱熟茶提取物（Pu—er tea extract；PTE）对NAFLD的调控作用是否与机体肠道茵群改变有关，试验以C57BI。／6N小鼠作为犬猫的实验动物模型，通过高脂饲料诱导NAFLD，然后通过饮水给予PTE。结果显示，经过为期12周的PTE作用，实验动物体质量显著下降，皮下脂肪及附睾脂肪的质量也显著降低。病理切片显示，肝脏的脂肪浸润明显降低；经酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清中脂多糖（lipopolysaccharides，LPS）及游离脂肪酸的浓度显著下降；荧光定量测定显示，肝脏中与脂代谢相关基因的表达升高。最后对粪便中的微生物通过荧光定量进行检测，结果显示厚壁茵门、拟杆菌门以及减肥细菌Akkermansia都发生了差异性变化。结果表明，PTE对NAFLD的调节作用可能与宿主肠道菌群的改变密切相关，为进一步研究PTE治疗及预防临床宠物的NAFLD奠定基础。

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease（NAFLD） is characterized by lipid infiltration and inflam- mation of the liver in the absence of chronic alcohol consumption, which also have deep relation- ship with obesity. With the development of society, many dogs and cats have NAFLD because of unhealthy diet. So it is very imporant to find out the mechanism of NAFLD and to cure it. As a fer- mented tea ripened Pu-er tea has many effects, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation and anti-o- besity. Here,the mice was used as the experimental model of pets to find out the relatinship be- tween the gut microbiota and NAFLD. The data showed that Pu-er tea extract（PTE） reduced the body weight,fat accumulation and the gene exoression of lipid metabolism in NAFLD mice fed a high fat diet. The pathological section showed that PTE have a effect on modulating lipid infiltra- tion of the liver. The results also indicated that PTE play a key role in decline lipopolysaccharides （LPS） and free fatty acid in the serum. The changes of Firrnicutes and Bacteroides were found in phylum level,and the differences of Akkerrnansia in the sepecific groups. So, the experiment may lay the foundation for researching the clinical NAFLD of pets.