国家慢性病综合防控示范区居民蔬菜水果摄入情况及影响因素分析

Study on consumption of vegetables and fruits and related influencing factors among residents from the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases

目的 了解国家慢性病综合防控示范区（示范区）居民蔬菜水果摄入情况，探索影响示范区居民蔬菜和水果摄入的主要因素。方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法，于2016年11-12月对抽取的10个示范区4 000名≥ 18岁常住居民进行入户调查，使用问卷收集示范区居民人口社会学特征、健康相关行为养成等信息。结果 有效问卷为3 891份，72.1%的示范区居民每天摄入蔬菜；53.6%的居民每天摄入水果。知晓示范区活动的居民蔬菜和水果摄入充足的比例分别是不知晓者的3.017倍（95% CI：2.426~3.753）和1.261倍（95% CI：1.007~1.580）。参与示范区活动程度高的居民蔬菜摄入充足率（χ2=83.942，P〈0.001）较高。居民参与示范区活动程度越高，水果摄入充足比例也越高（中：OR=1.431，95% CI：1.210~1.694；高：OR=1.573，95% CI：1.315~1.882）。结论 示范区创建提高了居民蔬菜和水果摄入充足率，在示范区开展的相关活动利于居民健康生活方式的养成。

Objective To investigate the consumption of vegetables and fruits and related influencing factors among residents from the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases. Methods From November to December, 2016, a total of 4 000 residents, aged 18 or above, from ten Demonstration Areas, were selected as participants for this study by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Information on vegetables, fruits consumption and related influencing factors was collected via questionnaire. Results A total of 3 891 residents were involved in the final analysis. Daily consumption of vegetables and fruits accounted for 72.1% and 53.6% of the residents under study. The residents who were aware of the National Demonstration Areas activities were more willing to have adequate intake of vegetables （OR=3.017, 95% CI：2.426-3.753） and fruits （OR=1.261, 95% CI：1.007-1.580）. Residents with higher degree of participation activities of the demonstration areas were more likely to have adequate fruits intake （high degree：OR=1.431, 95% CI：1.210-1.694; medium degree：OR=1.573, 95% CI：1.315-1.882）. Conclusions The implementation of the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases has improved the adequate vegetables and fruits intake among residents. Relevant activities carried out in the Demonstration Areas appeared conducive to the healthy lifestyle of the residents.