20世纪50年代农村剧团的兴起及其社会功用——以河南省为个案的考察

The Rise of Rural Troupe and Its Social Functions in the 1950s——A Case Study of Henan Province

20世纪50年代,作为新型群众文艺组织的农村剧团在广大农村地区迅速兴起,并很快成为中共改造当地社会与农民意识的重要依托。这种全新的文艺组织是建立在阶级和政治身份认同基础上的,人员构成主体是农民而非传统艺人。农村剧团以积极配合中共在地方上开展的各项中心工作为首要任务,呈现了灵活多样的演出模式,以快速反映现实斗争和生产生活的节目为主要题材。其在实践活动中产生的巨大社会功效,彰显了中共在领导社会宣传与组织动员等方面传统优势的延续;同时也折射出新型文艺组织政治化发展大趋向的时代特征。

In the 1950 s,the rural troupe,a new type of mass literature and art organization,rose rapidly in vast rural areas and quickly became an important support for the CCP to reconstruct the local society and peasant consciousness. This brand-new literary and art organization,based on recognition of class and political identity,mainly consist of farmers rather than traditional artists. The rural troupe took active cooperation with the CCP's central work in localities as the primary task,presenting a flexible and varied performance model with the main theme of programs that quickly reflects real struggles as well as production and life. The enormous social effects it has produced in practice have demonstrated the traditional advantages of the CCP in leading social propaganda and organizational mobilization. At the same time,it also reflects the feature of the era on the new trend of the political development of new-type literature and art organizations.