摘要
The relatively low repeatability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） severely hinders its wide commercialization. In the present work, we investigate the optimization of LIBS system for repeatability improvement for both signal generation （plasma evolution） and signal collection. Time- integrated spectra and images were obtained under different laser energies and focal lengths to inves- tigate the optimum configuration for stable plasmas and repeatable signals. Using our experimental setup, the optimum conditions were found to be a laser energy of 250 mJ and a focus length of 100 ram. A stable and homogeneous plasma with the largest hot core area in the optimum condition yielded the most stable LIBS signal. Time-resolved images showed that the rebounding processes through the air plasma evolution caused the relative standard deviation （RSD） to increase with laser energies of 〉 250 mJ. In addition, the emission collection was improved by using a concave spherical mirror. The line intensities doubled as their RSDs decreased by approximately 25%. When the signal generation and collection were optimized simultaneously, the pulse-to-pulse RSDs were reduced to approximately 3% for O（I）, N（I）, and H（I） lines, which are better than the RSDs reported for solid samples and showed great potential for LIBS quantitative analysis by gasifying the solid or liquid samples.
The relatively low repeatability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy （LIBS） severely hinders its wide commercialization. In the present work, we investigate the optimization of LIBS system for repeatability improvement for both signal generation （plasma evolution） and signal collection. Time- integrated spectra and images were obtained under different laser energies and focal lengths to inves- tigate the optimum configuration for stable plasmas and repeatable signals. Using our experimental setup, the optimum conditions were found to be a laser energy of 250 mJ and a focus length of 100 ram. A stable and homogeneous plasma with the largest hot core area in the optimum condition yielded the most stable LIBS signal. Time-resolved images showed that the rebounding processes through the air plasma evolution caused the relative standard deviation （RSD） to increase with laser energies of 〉 250 mJ. In addition, the emission collection was improved by using a concave spherical mirror. The line intensities doubled as their RSDs decreased by approximately 25%. When the signal generation and collection were optimized simultaneously, the pulse-to-pulse RSDs were reduced to approximately 3% for O（I）, N（I）, and H（I） lines, which are better than the RSDs reported for solid samples and showed great potential for LIBS quantitative analysis by gasifying the solid or liquid samples.
基金
The authors are grateful for financial sup- port from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 61675110） and the National Basic Research Program of China （973 Program, Grant No. 2013CB228501）.
