试论商周铜爵铸造传统与形制演变的关联

An Exploration of the Connection between the Shang-Zhou Casting Tradition and Changes in Jue Form

本文对商周时期铜爵的形制特点、分范技术、演变轨迹进行了全面的分析,认为铜爵的功能、形制和分范传统共同造成了其三足排列不均衡的特点,由此形成铜爵器身稳定性不佳的缺陷。在铜爵的器形演变过程中,器底横截面由椭圆向圆形不断转变,原因之一当是为了使三足排列不断接近等边三角形,从而增加器身的稳定性。这也为探讨类型学中关于器物形制演变的动因问题提供了一个实例。

The author conducts a complete analysis of the formal characteristics, mold techniques and developmental trajectory of Shang and Zhou period bronze jue. The function, form and mold tradition came together to cause the instability of the three leg arrangement leading to this defect in the bronze jue vessel. As the shape of the jue changed over time, the oval-shaped base of the vessel became more round. One reason for this is likely the need to make the arrangement of the three legs approach that of an equilateral triangle, thus giving the vessel more stability. This study provides a model for typological studies of changes in form.