从模仿到引领:中国高等教育的历史转折

From Imitation to Leading:The Historical Turning Point of Higher Education of China

中国高等教育经历了清朝末年批判传统教育到全面学习日本、民国时期以学习美国为主到两种教育体系的建立、新中国成立到"文革"全面学习又全面否定苏联模式、改革开放至今整顿恢复到建成高等教育大国四个阶段。当前,我们迎来了构建中国特色世界水平高等教育体系的百年转型关键期。为实现我国"到2035年前后建成高等教育发达国家,到21世纪中叶建成高等教育强国"的总体目标,实施中国特色高等教育发展道路应完成由模仿到引领的角色转变。

Higher education of china has gone through four stages：at the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was from the criticism of the traditional education to the full imitation of Japa- nese model;in the period of the Republic of China, from the imitation of the American model to the establishment of two educational systems;during the beginning of the founding of new China to the ＂Cultural Revolution＂, the Soviet model was completely negated after a com- prehensive imitation; since the Reform and Opening up to the present, it has gone through rectifying to a large country of higher education. At present, we have ushered in the key period of the century of transformation of the world-class higher education system with Chinese characteristics. To achieve the goal of building a higher education developed country by the end of 2035 and becoming a powerful country in higher education by the middle of this century,the role of the development of higher education with Chinese characteristics should be transformed from imitation to leading.