一维聚合物-无机纳米复合材料的制备

Preparation of One-Dimensional Polymer-Inorganic Composite Nanomaterials

近年来,一维聚合物-无机纳米复合材料因其独特的结构、优异的性能及广泛的应用前景而得到极大关注。由于无机相和聚合物相在纳米尺度的复合可显著提高材料的内在特性和功能,许多一维纳米复合材料在电子传输、光学特性、力学性能等方面表现优异,相关材料在电子器件、储能器件、光化学传感器、催化等领域具有潜在应用价值。本文基于一维聚合物-无机纳米复合材料多种不同的结构形式,综述了三种最常用的制备方法,即模板合成法、静电纺丝法和一维组装法,分别介绍了各种制备方法的原理,并对其特点和发展趋势进行了评述和展望。

In recent years, one-dimensional （1D） polymer-inorganic nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention due to their unique structures, excellent properties and tremendous application prospects. Since the composite of the inorganic phase and polymer phase in the nanoscale could remarkably promote the intrinsic properties and the functions, the corresponding materials exhibit outstanding performances in electron transmission, optical properties, mechanical properties and so on. Many of them possess application potentials in the fields of electronic devices, energy storage devices, photochemical sensors, catalysts and other fields. By enumerating several different 1D polymer-inorganic composite nanostructures, three commonly used strategies, including template synthesis method, electrospinning method and 1D assembly method are summarized herein. The principles and the characteristics of various preparation methods are introduced. Finally, the outlook for future development is prospected.