丝绸之路经济带中国段旅游资源与旅游发展耦合研究

Coupling coordination between tourism resources and tourism development in the Chinese section of the Silk Road Economic Belt

在对丝绸之路经济带中国段各省份旅游资源与旅游发展综合评价的基础上,运用耦合协调模型计算旅游资源与旅游发展的耦合度与协调度,运用障碍因子模型确定影响旅游发展的旅游资源障碍因子。结果显示:各省份旅游资源与旅游发展的耦合程度普遍较高,主要为高度耦合和中度耦合2种类型;协调程度包含良好协调、中度协调、勉强协调和失调4种类型,以中度协调和勉强协调为主;旅游资源和旅游发展的耦合度与协调度还没有完全在空间上达到良性共振。除陕西外,其他各省资源条件都是主要障碍因素,因此,要提高旅游发展水平,首先需要加大对各省份旅游资源整合力度,提高旅游资源的质量;出现频率最高的障碍因子分别是资源条件(C_1)、年平均气温(C_2)、年平均降水量(C_3)、空气质量(C_7)、GDP(C_(10))。

Tourism resources of those provinces in China along the Silk Road economic belt are rich and charac- teristic, but their development levels of tourism are different. Firstly, this paper selected 13 indexes to comprehen- sively evaluate the status of each province＇ s tourism resources from three aspects： the tourist resources condition, natural condition and social condition, which can better reflect their real situation. The article then selected 4 indica- tors such as the proportion of total tourism revenue to GDP, the amount of tourists received, the growth rate of tour- ists in past consecutive 3 years and tourism employment to entirely evaluate the tourism development in those prov- inces. Based on these two evaluations, the article utilized the coupling coordination model and the obstacle factor model to analyze the coupling degree and coordination degree between tourism resources and tourism development in the provinces to determine the tourism resource obstacle factors which affect adversely tourism development, and to clarify the current development status and influencing factors of each province. It provides basis for further study on provincial tourism cooperation. The conclusions are as follows ： （ 1 ） The coupling degrees for all the provinces were generally high with most of them being larger than 0.9 ; （2） The coordination degrees varied greatly, dominated by the moderate coordination and limited coordination. The maximum value was 0. 847 5 and the minimum value was 0.320 6,which indicated an unstable state unlikely to reach a benign resonance by province. （ 3 ） Except for Shanxi Province, the provincial tourism resources conditions were the main obstacle factors with the obstacle degree up to 71.29%. Dominated by resources and natural conditions, the top five obstacle factors in descending order of frequency were listed as the follows： tourism resources conditions, average annual temperature, average annual pre- cipitation, air quality, and GDP. The results also showed that resource conditions, comfort level and economic devel- opment level were the universal factors restricting tourism development. Finally, the paper puts forward some sugges- tions on promoting tourism development, such as by increasing the integration of tourism resources in various prov- inces to improve the quality of tourism resources.