五味子油超声辅助提取工艺优化及其护肝作用

Study on the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process of Fructus Schizandrae oil and the hepatic protection effect

以提油率为指标,通过单因素试验及正交试验对五味子种籽油的超声提取工艺进行筛选;采用高效液相色谱法分析五味子种籽油中五味子甲素、五味子乙素和五味子醇甲的含量;建造小鼠CCl_4肝损伤模型,测定小鼠肝组织中GSH、MDA、SOD指标,HE染色观察肝脏病理学改变。结果表明,五味子种籽油的最佳提取工艺为:料液比1:15(g/mL)、超声功率80 W,提取时间2h,提取温度50℃,五味子种籽油提取率为29.94%;油中五味子甲素含量为4.00%,五味子乙素含量为1.95%,五味子醇甲含量为0.13%;五味子种籽油高、中、低剂量组均可显著降低肝组织MDA含量(P<0.05或P<0.01),升高SOD和GSH水平(P<0.01),HE染色结果显示五味子种籽油可显著改善小鼠肝细胞水肿、坏死等病理损伤。

Using the extraction yield of Fructus Schisandrae seed oil as an index, the ultrasonic extraction process of it was optimized by single factor and orthogonal design. HPLC was used to analyze the content of schizandrin A, B, and schisandrin in the seeds. The mice liver injuried model was established by administration with CCl4 and the contents of GSH, MDA and SOD in mice liver tissue were determined. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver. The results showed that the optimum process was as follows： the extraction solvent was n-hexane with the ratio of solid to liquid was 1：15 （g/mL）, treated by the ultrasonic power at 80 W for 2 h at 50℃. The extraction rate of Fructus Schisandrae Seed Oil was 29.94%. The content of different components was detected as 4.0% of sehlzandrin A, 1.95% of schisandrin B and 0.13% of schisandrin.The injury of the mice livers could be successfully induced by administration with 0.2% concentrations of CC14. The high, medium and low doses of Fructus Schisandrae Seed Oil could significantly reduce the MDA （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） and increase the levels of SOD and GSH （P〈0.05）. The HE staining results showed that schisandra seed oil could significantly inhibit the edema and necrosis of the mice livers.