低强度聚焦超声对中枢神经调控作用研究进展

The Progress of Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound on The Regulation of Central Nervous System

利用导入神经回路内电、磁、光、声等物理因子作用来激发神经系统功能活性,进而改善神经疾病症状、提高生命质量的神经调控技术(neural control technology)在生命科学研究和医学临床诊疗中得到广泛应用.其中尤以低强度聚焦超声(low intensity focused ultrasound,LIFU)具有非损伤性、高穿透能力与时空分辨等优势,更适合用作安全的神经调控物理刺激因子.目前LIFU用于神经调控研究已受到科学界高度关注,进行了大量动物与人类神经调控实验研究并取得可喜成果.本文分别从LIFU用于动物与人类中枢神经调控研究进展、神经调控机制、安全性问题和未来应用前景等方面介绍评述,以期为神经调控研究与应用提供参考.

Neural control technology（NCT） could activate the function of the nervous system, alleviate neurological disease and improve the quality of life by importing electrical, magnetic, optical, acoustic and other physical factors to the neural circuits. The technology has been widely used in the research of life science and clinical diagnosis and treatment. Especially, low intensity focused ultrasound（LIFU） has the advantages of nondestructive, high penetration ability and spatial resolution, which is more suitable for the neural regulation as a safety physical stimulating factor. At the moment, research of LIFU in neural control has attracted much attention of scientific community. A large number of animal and human researches in neural control have been carried out and achieved gratifying results. In this paper, we review the progress of the LIFU regulation in central nervous system in the animals and human. Besides, the biophysical mechanism, security issues and future applications are also discussed. We hope this paper will provide a new insight to the research and application of neural regulation of LIFU.