国内外天然浓缩胶乳品质差异性分析

Comparative Study on the Quality of Concentrated Natural Rubber Latex between Native and Imported

由于橡胶树品系、种植气候与土壤、田间管理以及加工工艺等因素的影响导致国内外天然胶乳品质存在较大差异。本文选取国产海南宝岛牌、海南美联牌、茂名广垦-1、阳江广垦-2、进口泰国黄春发和泰国三棵树的浓缩胶乳,比较分析其分子量及其分布、橡胶粒子粒径、脂肪酸种类及含量、金属离子含量、Zeta电位、机械稳定性和挥发脂肪酸的差异。结果表明,国产胶乳相对分子质量较低,分子量分布较宽;进口胶乳平均粒径较大,粒径分布相对较窄;进口胶乳中不饱和脂肪酸及饱和脂肪酸含量均高于国产胶乳;黄春发牌胶乳的Ca2+、Mg2+、Zn2+浓度较低,Zeta电位绝对值较大,其胶乳稳定性较好;贮存过程中进口胶乳机械稳定度较高,胶乳挥发脂肪酸值较低。

Due to the influence of the rubber tree strain, planting climate and soil, field management, processing technology and so on, there were large differences in the quality of concentrated natural rubber latex between native and imported. The brand of Baodao and Meilian from Hainan, Guangken-1 from Maoming, Guangken-2 from Yangjiang, Huangchunfa and Sankeshu from Thailand were obtained. And the comparison about the quality of these latex were studied, including molecular weight and its distribution, particle size distribution, the kind and content of fatty acids, the concentration of metal ions, zeta potential, the mechanical stability and the content of fatty acids. The results showed that the average molecular weight of native latex was relatively small and showed wide molecular weight distribution. The average particle size of imported latex was larger and it＇s particle size distribution was narrow. The contents of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids of imported latex were higher than native latex. Huangchunfa, comparing to the others, the contents of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋ and Zn^2＋ were the lowest and it got the best colloidal stability. The mechanical stability of imported latex was higher during storage, and the volatile fatty acid was lower.