天津市北京排污河灌区居民头发中重金属特征

Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Hair of People Exposed to Beijing Sewage Discharge Channel Irrigation Area in Tianjin

以天津市北京排污河污灌区8个乡镇199个居民头发样品和对照区蓟州区6个乡镇93个居民头发样品中重金属的含量为基础,对比分析了北京排污河污灌区当地居民头发中重金属含量特征。研究结果表明,污灌区居民头发中的Cd、Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr、As的平均含量分别为0.21、16.82、197.29、13.69、2.65和0.62 mg/kg,污灌区居民男性头发中重金属含量高于女性,不同性别居民头发中除Pb的含量差异具有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)外,其他重金属的差异性不显著(P>0.05)。污灌区居民头发中Cd、Cu、Zn和Cr的含量随着年龄的增长而增加,但在发铅含量随年龄的增加而降低。对照区(蓟州区)不同性别和年龄居民中人发的重金属含量显示与污灌区相同的趋势。与对照区(蓟州区)相比,污灌区居民头发中的重金属含量明显偏高,其中Cd高110%、Cu高20%、Zn高55.9%、Pb高36.6%、Cr高64.6%。对照区和污灌区人发中重金属之间的相关性有明显差异,污灌区人发中Cd与Pb、Cr具有显著的正相关关系,而对照区人发中Cd与Pb、Cr之间呈明显的负相关关系,表明污灌区人发中重金属与对照区有不同的来源,污灌区土壤、农作物中重金属的累积可以通过当地居民人发中重金属含量显示出来。

Heavy metal content in hair of the people exposed to Beijing sewage discharge channel irrigation area（BSIA）,which is covering eight townships of Tianjin City, was investigated and compared with that of the control area（Jizhou District） to evaluate the influence of sewage irrigation. Findings of the investigation showed that mean concentrations of heavy metals, i.e. Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr and As in hair of people in the BSIA were 0.21, 16.82, 197.29, 13.69, 2.65 and 0.62 mg/kg, respectively in BSIA, much higher than those of the control area. In general, content of heavy metals was higher in male hair than female, but there was no significant differences in heavy metals content of hair between different sexes with exception to Pb in view of statistical significance. Furthermore, as the ages of the local residents increased, so did the concentrations of heavy metals（Cd, Cu, Zn, Cr and As） in hair, but Pb concentration in hair was reduced with the increase of age. As to the difference in correlation of heavy metals in hair of the people between the control area and the BSIA, Cd and Pb had significant positive correlation with Cr in the BSIA, but not in the control area, suggesting that the pollution source of heavy metals contained in hair differed in the two areas. In conclusion, heavy metal contained in hair of local residents reflected the heavy metal accumulation in soil and crops in the BSIA.