基于高分子量谷蛋白亚基和表型特征探讨新疆稻麦与原始六倍体和四倍体小麦的亲缘关系

The Relationships Between Triticum petropavlovskyi Udacz. et Migusch. and Primitive Hexaploid,Tetraploid Wheat Based on the Analyses of HWM-GS and Morphology Characteristics

为探讨新疆稻麦与原始六倍体和四倍体小麦的遗传多样性及其亲缘关系,本研究通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对18份原始六倍体小麦和11份四倍体小麦的高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成及遗传多样性进行分析,并连续统计分析了4年8个形态学指标,分别构建了UPGMA聚类图。结果表明,参试材料HMW-GS组成变异丰富,包含了20种类型,多样性达66.7%,形态学特征也存在不同程度的差异;HMW-GS聚类分析表明,新疆稻麦与中国特有小麦地方品种和波兰小麦聚为一类;表型性状聚类结果表明,新疆稻麦和波兰小麦、硬粒小麦聚为一类。综上,推测新疆稻麦与中国特有小麦地方品种和波兰小麦具有较近的亲缘关系。本研究为明确新疆稻麦的亲缘关系提供了参考,且为后续利用新疆稻麦优异资源改良普通小麦提供了理论依据。

To figure out the genetic diversity and relationships between T. petropavlovskyi and primitive hexaploid,tetraploid wheat,the composition of high molecular weight gluten subunits（ HMW-GS） among 18 primitive hexaploid wheat and 11 tetraploid wheat were analyzed by on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis（ SDSPAGE）. Furthermore,the data sets of 8 morphology traits of 4 years have been collected. Using the results of HMW-GS and the data sets of morphology traits,the UPGMA dendrograms were constructed. Results showed that there were high diversifications in HMW-GS among all tested materials, containing 20 types and 66. 7% diversity, and certain differences on morphological characteristics. UPGMA of HMW-GS suggested that T. petropavlovskyi and endemic landraces wheat in China and T. polonicum L. have a close relationship. UPGMA based on morphological characteristics suggested that T. petropavlovskyi and T. polonicum L. have a close relationship. Therefore,this study supposed that T.petropavlovskyi is related with endemic landraces wheat of China and T. polonicum L. in Xinjiang,China. This study provides reference to identify relationship of T. petropavlovskyi, and lays foundation for further utilization of T.petropavlovskyi excellent resources in common wheat improvement.