输血前感染性指标检测对患者输血感染的影响

The effect of pre-transfusion infection test on blood transfusion infection in patients

目的探讨输血前感染性指标检测对患者输血感染的影响,为降低临床输血感染率、减少医学纠纷提供参考依据。方法选取2013年8月—2016年1月接受输血治疗的1 872例患者作为研究对象,进行乙肝五项(HBe Ag、HBe Ab、HBs Ag、HBs Ab、HBc Ab)、苍白密螺旋体(抗-TP)、丙型肝炎抗体(抗-HCV)及人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)的检测。不同性别感染性指标检出率比较采用χ2检验,不同年龄段感染性指标检出率比较采用单因素方差分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 1 872例患者中检测出HBs Ab阳性率最高,为13.68%(256/1 872),其次为HBs Ag,为8.92%(167/1 872),抗-HIV阳性率最低,为0.11%(2/1 872);重叠感染检出率HBs Ag+HBc Ab最高,为1.76%(33/1 872),其次为HBs Ab+HBc Ab,检出率为1.50%(28/1 872),重叠感染检出率最低为HBs Ag+抗-TP,为0.37%(7/1 872);各不同年龄段感染性指标检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);不同性别患者各项指标检出率相比,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05);除抗-HIV外,其余各项感染性指标检出率呈逐年上升趋势。结论输血前进行感染性指标检测不仅可保证患者输血的安全性并发现潜在性疾病,还可降低交叉感染及医疗纠纷事件发生率。

Objective To investigate the effect of pre-transfusion infection test on blood transfusion infection in patients, and to provide reference for reducing the rate of clinical transfusion infection and reducing medical disputes.Methods A total of 1 872 patients with blood transfusion were enrolled from August 2013 to January 2016, and HBs Ag,HBs Ab,HBe Ag,HBe Ab,HBc Ab）, Pseudomonas syringae（anti-TP）, hepatitis C antibody（anti-HCV） and human immunodeficiency virus antibody（anti-HIV）were detected. The detection rate of infectious indicators in men and women was compared by χ2 test. The detection rate of infectious indicators in different age groups was compared by one-way ANOVA,P〉0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The positive rate of HBs Ab was 13.68%（256/1872）, followed by HBs Ag, 8.92%（167/1872）, and the lowest positive rate was 0.11%（2/1872） in 1 872 patients. The highest detection rate of overlapping infection was HBs Ag＋HBc Ab [ 1.76%（33/1 872）],followed by HBs Ab ＋ HBc Ab [1.50%（28/1 872）]. The lowest detection rate of overlapping infection was HBs Ag＋ anti-TP[0.37%（7/1 872）].There were no significant difference in the detection rate of infectious indexes in all ages（all P〉0.05）. There were no significant difference in the detection rate of male and female patients（all P〉0.05）. Except anti-HIV, the detection rates of all the other infectious indexes were increasing year by year.Conclusion The detection of infectious index before blood transfusion not only ensures the safety of blood transfusion and finds potential diseases, but also reduces cross infection and medical disputes.