铍材经不同温度挤压后组织性能的研究及挤压工艺建议

Study on Microstructure and Properties of the Extruded Beryllium at Different Temperatures and Proposals for Extrusion Process

研究挤压温度对铍材组织性能的影响及挤压过程的织构演变。结果表明,铍锭经高温挤压后,晶粒细化,抗拉强度、屈服强度及断后伸长率均有不同程度的提高。随着挤压温度的升高,铍晶粒尺寸增大,形成的〈1010〉丝织构增强,二者同时影响铍棒的力学性能。为分析挤压铍棒的力学性能、晶体结构及织构之间的关系,沿挤压方向倾斜一定角度取样进行力学测试。结果显示试样抗拉强度、屈服强度显著下降,但断后伸长率大幅度提高,表明可通过等通道挤压控制织构方向来提高铍材塑性。

The study was carried out on the effect of extrusion temperature on microstructure and properties of beryllium material and its texture evolution during extrusion. The results show that the crystal grains of beryllium ingot are refined after extrusion, and its tensile strength, yield strength and fracture elongation are improved in different degrees. With extrusion temperature increasing, beryllium grain size increases and （1010） fiber texture is enhanced, both affecting the mechanical properties of beryllium rods. In order to ana- lyze the relationship between mechanical properties, crystal structure and texture of extruded beryllium rods, mechanical testing was carried out with the samples obtained according to a certain slope angle along the extrusion direction. It is found that the tensile strength and yield strength significantly decrease, while the fracture elongation greatly increases. Therefore, the plasticity of beryllium material can be improved by controlling texture direction via equal channel extrusion.