长线路工程GPS控制网工程椭球建立方法

An engineering ellipsoid construction method of GPS control network for long line engineering

用传统的高斯投影方法处理东西跨度较大的线路时,频繁换带既不能解决参考椭球面投影至高斯平面产生的投影长度变形,也不能解决高程归化引起的长度变形的影响。因此,有学者基于最小二乘法、空间坐标系旋转和椭球变换等理论,提出了一种建立工程椭球的新方法。笔者在此理论基础上,通过高铁GPS控制网的具体实例对该方法进行了验证和分析。试验分析表明:该方法可大大减少投影后横轴方向变形分量,避免高斯投影分带现象,同时有效减小高程引起的投影变形。特别适合东西跨度较大的长线路工程,且数学模型成熟、计算过程清晰,对线路工程测量具有借鉴作用。

When traditional gauss projection method is used to treat long-span lines in east-west direction, the frequent change belt can solve neither the reference ellipsoid projection to Gauss plane projection length deformation nor the influence of the height to the length of the deformation caused by the domestication. Therefore, some scholars have proposed a new method to establish an ellipsoid of engineering based on the theory of least squares, rotation of space coordinate system and ellipsoid transformation. Based on this theory, the authors verify and analyze the method through the specific examples of high-speed railway GPS control network. The experimental analysis shows that this method can greatly reduce the deformation component of the transverse axial direction after the projection, avoid the phenomenon of Gaussian projection zoning, and effectively reduce the projection distortion caused by elevation. It is especially suitable for long line engineering with long span, and the mathematical model is mature and the calculation process is clear, which can be used for reference in line engineering measurement.