口腔颌面部术后出血的临床特点分析

Analysis of clinical characteristics of oral maxillofacial postoperative hemorrhage

目的探讨常见口腔颌面部手术患者术后出血的临床特点。方法在2013年至2015年3年间在南京大学医学院附属口腔医院接收手术的患者共8623台次,其中术后出血且需要再次进入手术室进行手术处理的病例纳入研究,对所有术后出血患者的性别、年龄、手术级别、手术时间、出血发现时间进行统计,分析其临床特点。结果总的术后出血发生率为0.49%,其中男性多于女性(男女比例为5:1),平均年龄49.1岁,出血的患者手术级别以3、4级为主,合计占术后出血的92.86%。发生出血大部分在6小时之内。出血患者的初次手术时间以超过6小时居多,占45.24%。结论口腔颌面部术后出血的患者以男性居多,中老年患者、手术时间长、手术级别高的患者容易发生,出血发生的时间以6小时之内最为多见。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of postoperative bleeding in patients with common oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods 8,623 patients treated with surgery from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled.Patients with postoperative bleeding and undergoing the second surgical treatment were included in the study. All postoperative bleeding patients’ gender, age, operation level, operation time and bleeding time were analyzed. Results The general rate of postoperative bleeding was 0.49%, among which men were more common than women（male to female ratio of 5： 1）, with an average age of 49.1 years old. Operation level 3 and 4 occupied the 92.86% of postoperative bleeding cases of. Most of the bleeding occurred within 6 hours. First surgery duration of bleeding patients was usually more than 6 hours, accounting for 45.24%. Conclusion Male, middle-aged and elderly patients, patients with longer operation time and higher operative level are prone to meet postoperative hemorrhage.Bleeding usually happens within 6 hours.