欧盟技术性贸易措施新趋势及其标准案例分析

New Trends of EU Technical Barriers to Trade and Case Analysis based on Standards

技术性贸易措施依赖于技术法规和标准,两者之间存在相互影响和相互作用。本文介绍了欧盟法规层级,国际标准化的层级。以医疗器械认证为案例,对欧盟法规演变进行分析。以电磁兼容标准分级现状为例,对国际标准分级和演化进行分析。分析了标准与技术法规、指令之间的联系,对未来国际上不同国家和地区的技术性贸易措施趋势进行了展望,提出了使用同一个标准,采用不同的技术法规,将是未来产品安全控制方面的一个趋势。

Technical Barriers to Trade （TBT） rely on technical regulations and standards, there are close interaction and interaction between them. The paper introduces the level of EU regulations, and the level of international standardization, analyzes the evolution of EU technical regulations by taking the medical device certification as an example, and also analyzes the classification and evolution of international standards by taking EMC standard classification as an example. The paper also analyzes the relationship among the standards, technical regulations and the directives, and proposes the trends of TBT in the future in different countries and regions all over the world. The use of the identical standard and the adoption of different technical regulations will be one of main trend for supervision of the product safety in the future.