小学生数学学习常见误区及解决对策研究——以《平行四边形面积》为例

A Study on the Common Misunderstandings and Solutions of Primary School Students in Mathematics Learning——Taking the area of parallelogram as an example

《平行四边形面积》一课,在小学数学几何图形的教学中既是重点也是难点。小学生学习平行四边形面积时,常见误区主要是:误用计算公式为领边相乘、拉伸和割补后的长方形变化问题、斜而长的平行四边形转化问题、公式误用底不对应高问题、等底等高和面积相等的平行四边形的差异等问题。通过分析上述误区,提出割补法、拉伸平行四边形木架、平行四边形对外做高、计算有两条高的平行四边形面积、画图对比说明等对策研究。

The lesson of Parallel Quadrilateral Area is not only the key point but also the difficult point in theteaching of geometric figures. The primary school children in learning parallelogram area has some commonmisunderstandings： thinking of the formula as the collar multiplication, rectangular change problems after it isstretched and cut, oblique and long parallelogram transformation problem, the fact that the bottom does notcorrespond to the high, the difference of equal bottom, height and equal area＇s parallelogram. Through the analysisof the errors, the author has put forward such suggestions as cutting fill method, drawing a parallelogram frame,doing high outside the parallelogram, calculating parallelogram area with two highs, drawing contrast instructions andothers countermeasure studies.