小麦品种淮麦33产量构成因素分析及增产途径探讨

Investigation on the Expansion Path and the Analysis on Wheat Yield Components of Huaimai 33

利用2015-2017年江苏省连云港市小麦高产创建万亩示范片33个点次试验资料,对小麦品种淮麦33产量构成因素进行分析。相关分析表明,穗粒数、千粒重与产量呈极显著正相关(r=0.6453**,r=0.7059**),穗数与产量呈微弱正相关(r=0.0712)。籽粒产量与穗数、穗粒数、千粒重的多元回归方程为:Y=-22151.30+15.85X1+270.48X2+261.70X3。通径分析表明,穗粒数对籽粒产量的作用最大(直接通径系数Py=1.0632),其次是穗数(直接通径系数Py=0.7327),千粒重的作用相对较小(直接通径系数Py=0.3303)。淮麦33的高产栽培技术应在适宜群体的基础上,主攻穗粒数,同时兼顾粒重的提高。

The wheat yield components of Huaimai 33 was analyzed by using 33 experiment data from one million mu demonstration area of wheat high yield creation in 2015-2017. Results by related analysis indicated that there was extremely significant positive correlation between kernels per spike or 1000-kernel weight and grain yield（ r = 0. 6453 ＊＊,r = 0. 7059 ＊＊）,however weak positive correlation between spikes and grain yield（ r = 0. 0712）. The multiple regression equation of spikes,kernels per spike,1000-kernel weight and grain yield was Y =-22151. 30 ＋ 15. 85 X1 ＋ 270. 48 X2 ＋ 261. 70 X3. In addition,results by Path analysis showed that the yield composition of wheat had different effects on grain yield,which was expressed with directly path coefficient（ Py）. The descend order were kernels per spike（ Py = 1. 0632）,spikes（ Py = 0. 7327） and 1000-kernel weight（ Py = 0. 3303） respectively. On the basis of appropriate population of high-yield culture technique of Huaimai 33,the highest yield potential could be achieved by improving kernels per spike and 1000-kernel weight.