低出生体质量早产儿三种喂养方式对其体格生长的影响

Effects of three different ways of feeding on physical growth of low birth weight premature infants after discharge

目的 探讨低出生体质量早产儿出院后三种不同方式喂养对其体格生长指标的影响。方法 选取早产儿90例作为研究对象，根据喂养方式的不同将其分为A、B、C三组，A组早产儿采用早产儿配方奶进行喂养，B组早产儿采用母乳喂养，C组早产儿采用足月儿配方奶粉进行喂养，观察比较三组早产儿出生后30 d、60 d及90 d的体格生长情况。结果 A组早产儿出生后30 d、90 d体质量、身长、头围指标均优于B组、C组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；A组早产儿出生后60 d体质量、身长、头围指标情况与B组相近，差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）、A组、B组早产儿出生后60 d体质量、身长、头围指标情况均优于C组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 采用早产儿配方奶对早产儿进行喂养，与母乳喂养及传统配方奶粉相比，更有益于早产儿获取生长所需营养，有效促进早产儿的体格生长，改善早产儿的预后及其生存质量。

Objective To investigate the effects of three different ways of feeding on the physical growth of low birth weight premature infants discharged from hospital.Methods 90 premature infants were selected.According to the different feeding methods,the infants were divided into A,B,C groups.Premature infants of A group were fed with preterm infants formula milk after discharge.B group received breast feeding.C group was fed with term infants formula milk.The physical growth at postnatal 30d,60d and 90d of three groups were observed and compared.Results The weight,length and head circumference of premature infants at postnatal 30d,90d in A group were better than those of B group and C group,the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）.The weight,length and head circumference of premature infants at postnatal 60d in A group were similar to those in B group,the differences were not statistically significant（all P〉0.05）.The weight,length and head circumference of premature infants at postnatal 60d in A group and B group were better than those in C group,the differences were statistically significant（all P〈0.05）.Conclusion Compared with the breast feeding and traditional formula milk,formula milk for preterm infants is more conducive to the growth of premature infants to obtain nutrients,effectively promote the growth of premature infants,improve the prognosis and quality of life in preterm infants.