某市9944名女职工生殖系统患病情况及其职业相关因素分析

Prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in a city and related occupational influencing factors：an analysis of 9944 cases

目的了解某市女职工生殖系统疾病患病情况，探讨职业相关因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法，于2016年6月-9月对北京市6个区共9 944名女职工进行面对面问卷调查，采用单因素卡方检验和多因素logistic回归分析生殖系统疾病的相关因素。结果9 944名女职工年龄在18-65岁间，平均（35.53±9.52）岁，婚姻状况已婚7 351人（73.92%）。9 944名女职工近三个月内生殖系统疾病总患病率为28.29%，其中乳腺增生、阴道炎、子宫肌瘤患病率分别为15.54%，11.25%，6.77%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示在调整了年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度和家庭年收入影响后，经常加班、经常上夜班、长时间站立、长时间坐位、工作负荷大、接触铅、汞、接触电离辐射与生殖系统疾病相关（OR=1.119、1.198、1.197、1.327、1.429、1.696、1.452、1.679）。结论北京市不同行业女职工生殖系统患病情况不容乐观，生殖系统患病与经常加班、经常上夜班、长时间站立、长时间坐位、工作负荷大、接触铅、接触汞、接触电离辐射有关。

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in a city and related occupational influencing factors.MethodsFrom June to September,2016,a cross-sectional survey was used to select 9 944 female workers from six districts of Beijing and then a face-to-face questionnaire survey was performed.Univariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to investigate the risk factors for reproductive system diseases.Results The age of 9944 female workers ranged from 18 to 65 years（mean 35.53±9.52 years）,and among them,7 351（73.92%）were married.The overall prevalence rate of reproductive system diseases among these 9944 female workers during the past three months was 28.29%,and the prevalence rates of hyperplasia of mammary glands,vaginitis,and hysteromyoma were 15.54%,11.25%,and 6.77%,respectively.After adjustment for age,marital status,education level,and annual family income,the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that frequent overtime work（odds ratio[OR]=1.119,95% confidence interval[CI]：1.070-1.343）,frequent night shifts（OR=1.198,95%CI：1.054-1.361）,standing for a long time（OR=1.197,95%CI：1.063-1.347）,sitting for a long time（OR=1.327,95%CI：1.191-1.479）,heavy workload（OR=1.429,95%CI：1.262-1.615）,exposure to lead（OR=1.696,95%CI：1.307-2.201）,exposure to mercury（OR=1.452,95%CI：1.086-1.940）,and exposure to ionizing radiation（OR=1.679,95%CI：1.424-1.980）were associated with reproductive system diseases.ConclusionThe prevalence of reproductive system diseases among female workers in Beijing is not optimistic.Reproductive system diseases are associated with frequent overtime work,frequent night shifts,standing for a long time,sitting for a long time,heavy workload,and exposure to lead,mercury,and ionizing radiation.