基于CFD方法的舵角对有效功率的影响

Study of Effect of Rudder Angle for Effective Power Based on CFD

对某集装箱船开展不同舵角下船舶阻力数值计算,分析船舶航行中操舵对船舶快速性的影响。计算常规0°舵角时的船舶阻力,与模型试验结果进行对比,验证数值方法的可靠性,进而对船舶营运中常用舵角范围进行数值模拟,船舶采用的是扭曲舵,因此分别计算舵角为±2.5°,±5°,±7.5°,±10°时船舶的阻力,分析不同舵角下船舶有效功率的变化。计算结果表明,当舵角在±5°的范围内,船舶有效功率约增加1%,舵角的影响较小;当舵角在±7.5°时,船舶有效功率约增加2%;当舵角在±10°时,船舶有效功率增加3%~4%,可知当舵角>5°时对船舶有效功率的影响不能忽略。船舶在实际营运的过程中,应尽量少操舵或小角度操舵,可减小船舶功率消耗、降低油耗,实现节能增效。

The hydrodynamic performance of a container ship with different rudder angles is numerically calculated to investigate the effect of steering.The Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD）calculation is checked by comparing the computed result with that from the experiment under the condition of centered rudder,and then the simulation investigation follows.A twist rudder is chosen as the object of the investigation.The computed results show that the effective power increases by 1%in the range of±5°rudder angles and increases about by 2% when the rudder angles are±7°and increases about by 3%to 4% when the rudder angles are±10°.It shows that the effect of rudder angles on ship effective power should not be ignored when rudder angle variation exceeds±5°.The rudder angle should be steered as little as possible during navigation and it is positive for energysaving and emission reduction.