医学生创业意愿及其影响因素的研究

Investigation on entrepreneurial intention and influencing factors of medical students

目的了解医学生的创业意愿及其影响因素，为医学院校创业课程体系的建设和完善、招生就业部门工作方案的制订和学生管理提供参考。方法2016年6月，选取赣南医学院2014级、2015级临床医学、麻醉学、预防医学专业的543名医学生，采用自编医学生创业意愿及其影响因素问卷对其进行调查。结果医学生创业意愿不高，不同性别、级次医学生创业意愿的差异均具有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）；不同生源地医学生创业意愿差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；经济状况、父母榜样、冒险倾向、专业偏好和独立自主自评分数高的医学生，其毕业后创业意愿更强。结论医学生创业意愿及其影响因素与其他专业学生相比有所不同，医学院校应当针对其影响因素采取有效措施，提高创业教育的效果。

Objective To explore the entrepreneurship tendency characteristics and influence factors, and to provide reference for construction and improvement of the entrepreneurship course system in medical universities, setting down the plan for department of recruitment and employment, and students＇ management. Methods Totally 543 students in sophomores and junior 2014 level and 2015 level clinical medicine, anesthesiology and preventive medicine majors were selected in Gannan Medical University and assessed with the self-compiled questionnaires of desire to be entrepreneurship and Influencing factors of entrepreneurial intention in June 2016. Results In this sample, the medical students had shown less willingness with entrepreneurial intention. Significant differences were found in entrepreneurial intention scores across gender and grades （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in entrepreneurial intention scores from different birthplaces （P 〉 0.05 ）. The level of entrepreneurial intention was positively correlated with economic situation, parental example, risk-taking tendency, professional preferences and independence. Conclusions There are different entrepreneurship intention characteristics in medical students and other subject students, and medical universities should take effective measures to the influencing factors, so the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education will improve.