基于案例学习结合基于问题学习在实验诊断学实习课教学中的应用

CBL combined with PBL teaching method in practice lessons of laboratory diagnostics

目的使临床医学专业学生更好地掌握检验指标的临床意义和相互关系，提高学生分析和应用检验指标的能力。方法选取北京大学医学部临床医学专业2012级、2013级和2014级38名留学生，在实验诊断学实习课教学中实施基于案例学习（case—based learning，CBL）联合基于问题学习（problem—based learning，PBL）教学方法，并采用自行设计的教学评价表收集来自学生和教师的反馈。结果所有学生均认可CBL联合PBL的教学，愿意在课堂上分享主动学习的成果。CBL案例的选择、PBL问题的提炼、课堂设计、教师素质以及学生的准备情况均影响教学效果。以病例分析题为主的考核结果显示，学生能够较好理解和应用课堂学习的检验指标。结论CBL联合PBL教学可以帮助学生更好地理解并运用常见检验指标。

Objective To help medical students better understanding the clinical significance and the mutual relationship of laboratory tests, and to improve their ability on analysis and application of laboratory tests. Methods 38 foreigner medical students who started their clinical course in Civil Aviation General Hospital in 2012, 2013 and 2014 were chosen to try CBL-PBL teaching method. Self-designed evaluation sheet was used to collect the feedback from students and teachers. Results All students presented a welcome attitude on CBL combined with PBL teaching method, they liked to share what they have learned. Selection of case, refinement of problem, design of class, professional quality of teacher and the preparation situation of student all had influence on the teaching efficiency. Appraising through case- analyzing tests, it showed that students could understand and utilize the laboratory tests well which they studied in the class. Conclusions CBL combined with PBL teaching method can help student better understanding the utilizing laboratory tests.