中药材栽培地土壤肥力评价

Assessment of soil fertility for cultivation of Chinese herbal medicines

土壤肥力是影响中药材产量和有效成分的重要因素。实践表明，中药材栽培地土壤肥力随栽培年限增长逐渐衰退，严重影响中药材的产量与品质。然而，目前国内缺乏中药材栽培土壤肥力评价的统一规范标准，严重制约了中药材栽培中的土壤管理与药材质量控制。该文综述了土壤肥力评价相关研究进展，介绍了中药材栽培地土壤肥力评价指标选择的原则，建立基于土壤质地、土壤容重、土壤有机质、土壤pH、土壤有效氮磷钾、土壤微量元素、土壤大型动物、土壤微生物的中药材栽培地土壤肥力评价的指标体系与方法，为制定中药材栽培土壤肥力评价标准提供了方向和思路。

The soil fertility has great impacts on the yielding of Chinese medicinal materials, as well as the generation of major com- ponents. The practices showed that soil fertility has been decayed with the growth of cultivation years ,which is leading to adverse effect on quality and quantity of Chinese medicinal materials. However, there was a lack of domestic unified standard for assessment of soil fertility of Chinese medicinal material cultivation, which has seriously limited the soil management and quality control In this text, we reviewed the progress on research of soil fertility evaluation, built the soil fertility evaluation index including soil texture, soil bulk den- sity, soil organic matter, soil acidity and alkalinity, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, soil available potassium, soil ani- mals and soil microorganisms. It would provide the direction and thought for standard-settin on soil fertility evaluation of Chinese medic- inal material cultivation.