纯文学、杂文学观念与中国文学批评史

Pure Literature,Miscellaneous Literature Concept and History of Chinese Literary Criticism

中国文学批评史与文学观念关系密切。纯文学与杂文学观念之分辨贯穿于民国时期的文学研究,亦成为论述中国文学批评史的核心观念。纯文学与杂文学术语源自日本,分别在日本明治时期(1892、1906)提出,其西方学术依据即戴昆西(De Q uincey)"力的文学"与"知的文学"之辨。此两术语于20世纪初先后输入中国学界。两者在现代中国学术中原为文学内部之区别,后来成为文学与非文学之分界。杨鸿烈较早以纯文学与杂文学观念论述中国文学观念的演变,郭绍虞继之,以为撰写《中国文学批评史》之观念基础,朱自清则提出质疑,所提出之问题至今仍有借鉴意义。

The history of Chinese literary criticism is closely related to the concept of literature. The distinction between pure literature and miscellaneous literary ideas runs through the literature of the Republic of China and becomes the core concept of the history of Chinese literary criticism. Plain language and etymology originated in Japan and were respectively presented in Meiji period（ 1892,1906） in Japan. Its western academic basis is De Quincey＇s＂literature of power＂and＂literature of knowledge. ＂Two terms entered the Chinese academia at the beginning of the last century. Both in the modern Chinese academic,the original distinction between the literature,and later became the dividing line between literature and non-literature. Earlier,Yang Honglie discussed the evolution of Chinese literary concepts from the concepts of pure literature and miscellaneous literary studies. Guo Shaoyu went on to consider that Zhu Ziqing questioned the concept of writing the history of Chinese literary criticism. The questions raised still have reference significance.