清洁的水-空交替控时淬火冷却技术:原理与应用

Clean water-air alternative timed quenching( ATQ) technology:principle and applications

水是最清洁和廉价的淬火介质，但由于合金钢件水淬开裂问题的制约，对环境造成污染的油和各类有机水溶性介质仍被大量采用。本研究团队在传统水-空断续淬火基础上，提出了清洁的水-空交替控时淬火冷却（ATQ）技术，在解决合金钢件水淬开裂问题方面已进行了15年的持续研究和工程应用。本文首先介绍淬火介质的特性，然后介绍ATQ技术取代油或有机类介质淬火、工艺和设备设计的3个基本原理，随之论述ATQ避免淬火开裂和获得高强韧性的机制。最后从ATQ技术几十个成功应用中遴选出几个典型例子，分析它们各自在淬火所遇到的瓶颈问题，阐明在淬火避免开裂的前提下如何获得预期力学性能的解决方法。

As well-known, water is a cleanest and cheapest quenching medium, but quenching in oil or aqueous polymer solution is still employed in many enterprises since water quenching easily causes the cracking of alloyed steals. Our team developed a clean water-air alternative timed quenching （ ATQ ） technology to resolve the cracking of alloyed steels 15 years ago, and ATQ technology has been successfully applied in engineering. At first, the characteristics of quenching media is introduced, then three principles of ATQ technology are described, that is, replacing oil or aqueous polymer solution by the combination of water and air, the design of ATQ process and the design of ATQ equipment; after that, the mechanisms of avoiding cracking and achieving high strength and toughness of alloyed steels are clarified. Finally, typical examples selected from dozens of successful applications are introduced, in which their choke points in quenching are pointed out and solution method are expounded.