硬岩巷道综掘工作面深孔松动爆破方案设计

Design of Deep-hole Loose Blasting Scheme in Hard-rock Roadway Excavation Face

针对古城煤矿硬岩巷道钻爆法和综合机械化掘进,施工速度慢,掘进成本高等问题,提出了深孔松动爆破技术配合综掘机掘进。采用数值模拟方法,通过对直线型三炮眼布置形式和三角形三炮眼布置形式进行对比分析,得出了合理的深孔松动爆破方案,据此设计了大直径深孔超前爆破参数,并进行现场试验研究。研究结果表明:三角形三炮眼松动爆破效果较好,岩体内裂隙扩展明显,利于综掘机施工;炮孔装药段径向1.0~1.2 m范围裂隙发育明显;爆破后,深孔松动爆破技术配合综掘机掘进速度较爆破掘进提高了约36%,较综掘机掘进提高了约120%,而截齿消耗平均降低了39.3%。

Both blasting driving and fully-mechanized excavating were slow and expensive in hard-rock roadway of Gucheng Coal Mine. Therefore, we proposed deep-hole loose blasting technology cooperated with comprehensive tunneling machine. Through the comparison and analysis of the arrangement forms of the straight line three-hole and the triangular three-hole, the numerical simulation was applied to obtain reasonable deep-hole loose blasting scheme. On the basis of this, the parameters of deep-hole loose blasting were designed and tested. The research results showed that loose blasting effect of the triangular was better than that of the straight line, the fracture expansion of rock mass was obvious and beneficial to tunnel; the fracture development was obvious in the 1.0 m to 1.2 m range of radial charging segment of blasting hole; after blasting, the tunneling speed of deep-hole loose blasting technology cooperated with fully-mechanized excavator is about 36% higher than that of blasting tunneling, which is about120% higher than that of fully-mechanized excavator, and the average cutting consumption decreased by 39.3%.