医学生心理健康状况及影响因素

Mental health status and influencing factors of medical students

[目的]了解医学院校大学生的心理健康状况,探索影响心理健康的因素,进一步建立心理健康教育长效机制与危机干预体系。[方法]采用多级抽样方法,抽取云南省某医学院校1200名学生,采用SCL-90自评症状量表,应用U检验、方差分析、多重线性回归进行分析。[结果]从躯体化等9个因子得分与中国成年人常模进行比较,显示9个因子的得分均高于常模,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);从36个可疑因素中筛选出失眠、压力、身体状况等9个影响因素;医学生心理问题检出率30.07%。[结论]医学生心理状态不容乐观,心理问题检出率较高,与全国成人常模比较9个维度都较差,应引起重视,多部门联动,多渠道、多方面、多角度、多层次开展大学生心理健康教育,提高大学生的心理抗压能力,促进大学生的心理健康。

Objective To understand mental health status of medical students,to explore the factors of influencing mental health so as to establish long-term mechanism of mental health education and crisis intervention system. Methods It selected 1200 students from a medical college in Yunnan by multi-level sampling method,used SCL-90 self rating symptom scale,and analyzed the result by U test,variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results It compared with adult norm from the score of 9 factors of somatization. It showed that the score of 9 factors was higher than the norm,the difference had statistically significant（ P 〈0. 05）. It selected 9 factors such as insomnia,pressure,physical condition and so on from 36 doubtful factors. Detectable rate of psychological problems in medical students was 30. 07%. Conclusions It doesn＇ t tolerate optimistic of psychological problems in medical students. Detectable rate of psychological problems is higher. The 9 dimensions are worse which compares with adult norm. We should pay more attention to it carry out mental health education among college students in a multi-sectoral,multi-channel,multi-aspect,multi-angle,multi-level,so as to improve college students＇ psychological stress tolerance and promote their mental health.