城市计划生育家庭老人机构养老研究——以北京市为例

On the Dilemma and Its Solution of Institution Endowment of Urban Parents Who Lost Their Only Child——Taking Beijing for Example

养老问题是计划生育家庭(失独)老人最为关切的问题,而机构养老又构成城市失独老人养老模式体系的重要支撑。近年来,我国城市失独老人机构养老体系不断完善,但受经济条件、入住门槛和照料服务等方面不足的影响,失独老人机构养老依旧面临资源不足与资源闲置并存、入住老人满意度不是太高的困局。文章基于北京市的实证调研,对失独老人入住养老机构的困境及原因进行分析,在此基础上提出要统筹规划、优化扶助政策、建立健全专门养老机构、规范和降低入住门槛以及提高服务水平等具有针对性的政策建议。

Old-age issue is the main concern of the parents who lost their only child, and the institution endowment is the important mode of urban pension system. In recent years, as our institution endowment of urban parents who lost their only childbecome more and more better, the old parents still confronts some problems because of their poor economic condition, high entrance threshold and low-quality service, which includes the contradictions between the insufficient and idlepension resources, and the low satisfaction rate of the old parents. Based on the empirical research in Beijing, this paper discusses the dilemma and its reasons of institution endowment of urban parents who lost their only child, and then put forward some suggestions, including making overall plans, improving the aid fund policy, establishing more special old-age care institutions, lowering the threshold and upgrading the service level of old-age institutions.